The Atlas of Finite Groups, published in 1985, has proved itself to be an indispensable tool to all researchers in group theory and many related areas. The present book is the proceedings of a conference organized to mark the tenth anniversary of the publication of the Atlas, and contains twenty articles by leading experts in the field, covering many aspects of group theory and its applications. There are surveys on recent developments, expository articles, and research papers, as well as a historical article on the development of the Atlas project since 1970. The book emphasizes recent advances in group theory and applications that have been stimulated by the comprehensive collection of information contained in the Atlas, and covers both theoretical and computational aspects of finite groups, modular representation theory, presentations, and applications to the study of surfaces.