Ohio State University, computer-assisted instruction at 191—193
Oldehoeft, R.R. 171 172
OLTEP program, Soviet Union 241
On Liberty (Mill) 175
Operators, rank-ordered frequency of 143
ORWELL program 73
Ostapko, D.L. 171
Ostrich chess program 73 87 111—112
Ottenstein, K.J. 152 169 171
Ottenstein, L.M. 137 171
Outer border, defined 44
Ovchinnikov, Yu. 269 286
Panda, D.P. 40 56
Papert, S. 201 217 227
Parrott, B. 252 286
Partee, B. 201 228
PASCAL machine language 151—152
Pattern matching as segmentation 34—37
Pattern matching in image processing 29 34—37
Pattern matching, distortion in 36
Paul Masson Chess Classic 70
Pavlidis, T. 16 55 56
PDP-10 computer 68
Peledov, G.V. 241 267 285 286
Penrod, D. 84 117
Perimeter, defined 49
Perlov, I. 258 286
Pervyskin, E.K. 286
Peterson, D.P. 8 57
Petrov, A.P 238 286
Pevnev, N.I. 246 286
Phaedrus (Plato) 174 225
Piasetski, L. 106 117
Picture see also "Image"
Picture segmentation 28—40
Picture segmentation, local property values in 33
Picture, autocorrelation in 50
Picture, brightness or color variation in 2
Picture, busyness of 32 52—53
Picture, detection of lines and curves in 35—36
Picture, moments of 52
Picture, relationships among regions of 54
PIONEER chess program 81 83
Pirmukhamedov, A.N. 246 286
Pixel(s) in "skeletons" 45
Pixel(s) in area measurement 49
Pixel(s) in connectedness 41—42
Pixel(s) in difference coding 13
Pixel(s) in noise cleaning 19 21—23
Pixel(s) in sequential segmentation 37
Pixel(s) in spurious resolution 6
Pixel(s), classification and clustering of 28—33
Pixel(s), defined 2
Pixel(s), thresholding method for 29—30
PLATO "How the West Was Won" game 218
PLATO biology course 186—189 202
PLATO mathematics course 176—179
Pleshakov, P.S. 243 286
Poland, ELWRO-Service firm in 262
Postsecondary education, computer-assisted instruction in 185—199
Potential language as concept 123
Potential volume 122
Poulsen, G. 184 228
Prasada, B. 11 56
Pratt, W.K. 16 27 28 40 48 55 57
Principal continuation in computer chess 93
Program clarity, measures of 133—136
Program maintenance 134—135
Programming see "Computer program"
Programming in English prose 154—158
Programming in Soviet Union 248
Programming rates vs. project size 132—133
Programming, clarity in 133—136
Programming, computer-assisted instruction in 198
Pseudocolor enhancement 17
Purcell, S. 218 226
Pyatibratov, A.P. 240 247 283
Quantization, defined 6
Quantization, false contours and 6—7
Quantization, tapered 6
Radio Mathematics Project 220
Rakovsky, M. 241 243 245 247 286
Randell, B. 232 282
Raykov, L.D. 241 285 286
Reading, computer-assisted instruction in 182
Region properties, measurement of 48—55
Regions, relationships among 54
Registration in pattern matching 37
Reifer, D.J. 254 286
Relaxation methods, curve detection in 38—40
Representation, connectedness in 41—42
Resolution, spurious 6
Rezanov, V.V. 244 286
RIBBIT program 62—64
Rice, J.R. 136 171
Richter, H. 69 117
Rieger, C. 201 228
Riesbeck, C. 201 228
Robinson, S.K. 171
Romanovskaya, L.M. 237 281
Rosenfeld, A. 7 16 27 28 40 48 55 56 57
Rubin, M.L. 173 227
Rubin, Z.Z. 161 171
Rubinstein, C.B. 16 56
Rubinstein, R. 215 219 226
Rudins, George 234 286
Run length coding 10
Runs, representation of 42—43
Russell, B. 228
Ruston, H. 150 171
Ryad computer system, Soviet Union 236—237 240—244 251 256—258 269—271 273—274 279
Sabirov, A. 266 286
Sakamoto, T. 185 228
Saltykov, A.L. 268 286
Sampling 4—6
Sampling theorem 4
Sampling, defined 4
Sanders, W.R. 202 203 227 228
Sarapkin, A. 243 286
Savchenko, T.A. 240 287
Schacter, B.J. 40 57
Schank, R.C. 201 228
Schneider, V.B. 137 169 171
School children, letter recognition by 203—206
Scientific Research Institute for Electronic Computers (Minsk) 242
Scott, J.J. 98 117
Searle, B.W. 184 220 228 229
Secondary education, computer-assisted instruction in 175—185
Segmentation in image processing 28—40
Segmentation, edge detection in 33—34
Segmentation, fuzzy 38—40
Segmentation, pattern matching in 34—37
Segmentation, pixel classification in 29—33
Segmentation, sequential 37—38
Seidel, R.J. 173 227
Semantic partitioning in software science 153—154
Semik, V.P. 244 283
Sequential segmentation, curve tracking in 37—38
Sequential techniques 29 37—38
Set theory, computer-assisted instruction in 191—198
Shannon — Fano — Huffman coding 9—10 15
Shannon, C.E. 59 117 124 172
Shape complexity, measurement of 49
Shaw, J. 60 95 117
Shen, V.Y. 131 151 161 172
Sheppard, S.B. 172
Sherwood, B.A. 176 228
Shiller, F.F. 236 285
Shnayderman, I.B. 247 286
Shohers, A.L. 243 247 282
| Shohukin, B.A. 246 285
Shooman, M.L. 171 172
Shura-Bura, M.R. 233 234 236 266 268 283
Simon, H.A. 60 95 109 117
SIMULA 67 in Soviet Union 237 247 274
Skeletons, representation by 45—46
Skilling, H.G. 286
Sklansky, J. 55 57
Skovorodin, V. 234 283
Slagle, J.R. 95 117
Slate, D.J. 61 98 117
Smith, H. 249 286
Smith, R.L. 183 193 198 202 208 212 228 229
Smith, S.T. 176 228
SNOBOL in Soviet Union 237 247
Snow, R.E. 213 227
Software analyzer 154
software science see "Computer program" "Programming"
Software science, "top down" design of prose in 162—166
Software science, advances in 119—168
Software science, basic metrics in 120—121
Software science, boundary volume in 146
Software science, clarity in 133—136
Software science, defined 119—120
Software science, error rates in 136—141
Software science, extension of to "lines of code" 130—132
Software science, grading student programs in 150—153
Software science, implementation level in 123—125
Software science, lack of arbitrary constants in 166—168
Software science, language level in 125
Software science, learning and mastery in 158—161
Software science, measurement techniques in 141—143
Software science, mental effort and 129—130 163—164
Software science, modularity hypothesis in 162—165
Software science, net vocabulary ratio in 156—158
Software science, operators and operands in 141
Software science, potential volume in 122—123
Software science, programming rates vs. project size in 132—133
Software science, rank-ordered frequency of operators in 143—146
Software science, relation between  and  in 146—148
Software science, semantic partitioning in 153—154
Software science, technical English in 154—158
Software science, text file compression in 161—162
Software science, United States vs. Soviet Union in 252—554
Software science, vocabulary-length equation in 126—128
Software science, volume in 122
Solomenko, E. 265 286
SOPHIE system 219
Soule, S. 69 117
Soviet bureaucracy, computer and 249—250
Soviet computers, models of 234—235
Soviet computers, shortcomings of 235
Soviet computers, software in context of 249—256
Soviet hardware see "Soviet computers" "Soviet
Soviet hardware since 1972 239—249
Soviet hardware, deficiency correction in 245
Soviet hardware, marketing activity and 260
Soviet software 231—281
Soviet software since 1972 239—249
Soviet software, automated control/management systems in 246—247 255—256
Soviet software, autonomy in 253
Soviet software, Communist Party and 260—261
Soviet software, computer models and 234
Soviet software, control of technology transfer in 275—278
Soviet software, Cyrillic vs. English in 241
Soviet software, deficiency correction in 247
Soviet software, development process in 261—265
Soviet software, documentation in 264—265
Soviet software, economic system and 279—280
Soviet software, European sources of 273—274
Soviet software, external sources for 273—275
Soviet software, improvements needed in 254 280—281
Soviet software, internal diffusion and 256—261
Soviet software, Japanese sources of 274
Soviet software, maintenance of 264
Soviet software, manpower development for 265—268
Soviet software, MESM computer and 233
Soviet software, producer-client get-together in 261—262
Soviet software, programming languages in 236
Soviet software, regulation and control of 276—277
Soviet software, requirements specification in 262
Soviet software, Soviet economic system and 249—256
Soviet software, survey of 233—249
Soviet software, system design and implementation in 263
Soviet software, systemic difficulties and 251
Soviet software, technology transfer in 268—278
Soviet software, testing of 263—264
Soviet software, United States sources of 271—274
Soviet software, university education and 265—267
Soviet software, upgrading and distribution of 252
Soviet software, Western influence on 268—275 279
Soviet Union, ALGOL in 247
Soviet Union, ALGOL-60 in 236 245
Soviet Union, ASUs in 246—247 255—256
Soviet Union, central control in 251
Soviet Union, COBOL in 257
Soviet Union, computer consciousness level in 267
Soviet Union, computer models available in 235—235 239—249 260
Soviet Union, computer publications and conferences in 259—260
Soviet Union, computer use in 234—235 255—256 278
Soviet Union, database management systems in 248—249
Soviet Union, FORTRAN in 236
Soviet Union, IBM products in 239—240
Soviet Union, Japanese software and 274
Soviet Union, management use of computers in 255—256
Soviet Union, minicomputers in 279
Soviet Union, programming in 235 255
Soviet Union, Ryad project in 236 240—244 251 253 256—258 269—271 273—274 279
Soviet Union, S/360 computer system in 271
Soviet Union, software in see "Soviet software"
Soviet Union, software technology transfer in 268—278
Soviet Union, time-sharing in 237 247
Soviet Union, Unified System in 256—257
Stanford University, computer-assisted instruction at 193—198
Stein, P. 60 116
Stereomapping 37
Stevens, A.L. 216 228
Stockham, T.G., Jr. 28 57
Stolyarov, G.K. 237 281
Strands strategy in computer-assisted instruction 179—181
Strips in skeleton representations 46
Strizhkov, G.M. 248 282
Stroud, J.M. 129 172
Student errors, analysis of 215
Student, modeling of in computer-assisted instruction 212—222
Su, S.Y.W. 198 228
Sullivan, J.E. 138 168
Suppes, P. 183 184 190 193 195 197 198 201 203 207 208 220 222 227 228 229
Surkov, E.M. 247 286
Symes, L.R. 172
Tan, S.T. 106 117
Taranenko, Yu. 258 286
Tarig, M.A. 172
Tech chess program 97
TECHMASHEXPORT program, Soviet Union 244
Technical English in software science 154—158
TELL program 73
Template matching see "Pattern matching"
TENEX operating system 202
Text file compression in software science 161—162
Texture edge detection 35
Thayer, T.A. 138 171 172
Thin bridges, erasure of 42
Thinning process in representation 45—46
Thomas, J.R. 287
Thompson, J.E. 16 56
TICCIT project in computer-assisted instruction 189—190 202
Timofeyev, Yu.A. 241 267 285
Tolstosheev, V.V. 259 287
Tomography 26—28
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