This book presents an overview of the exciting, truly multidisciplinary research by neuroscientists and systems engineers in the emerging field of cognitive systems, providing a cross-disciplinary examination of this cutting-edge area of scientific research. This is a great example of where research in very different disciplines touches to create a new emerging area of research. The book illustrates some of the technical developments that could arise from our growing understanding of how living cognitive systems behave, and the ability to use that knowledge in the design of artificial systems. This unique book is of considerable interest to researchers and students in information science, neuroscience, psychology, engineering and adjacent fields.