Quantum mechanics used to be the province of atomic, molecular, nuclear, and particle physics. In the last four decades, a wide range of development in basic science in astrophysics, cosmology, quantum optics, condensed matter, chemistry, and materials science and rapid progress in device technology, such as transistors, lasers, magnetic resonance imaging, scanning tunneling microscope, optical tweezers and the Hubble telescope, have made quantum mechanics the fundamental pinning of much of our civilization.