Grade 9 Up-Each volume in this set is devoted to a different aspect of the computing world. While this arrangement is great for looking up related subjects, it presents a barrier to finding those topics that could fall into any of the volumes. Fortunately, each book also includes numerous cross-references and an outline that groups set contents thematically; volume four has a comprehensive index. The first volume focuses on the history of the technology and covers significant people and topics from Blaise Pascal and MP3 to digital photography and numerous businesses, associations, and organizations. The concepts, equipment, and areas central to the development of today's computers, such as games, e-mail, and artificial intelligence, are also covered. Volume two includes types and specific computer languages, programming, components, devices, and networking. Computer applications in medicine, "aesthetic and intellectual pursuits," and day-to-day equipment such as ATMs and cell phones are examined in the third volume. The final volume covers the ways modern life is changing and/or being affected by computers (e.g., cybercafes, surveillance) and the issues that take on new meaning in the electronic world (e.g., censorship, copyright). There is a good amount of overlap among the volumes. The authoritative articles are consistently readable, well organized, and easy to follow. Average-quality, black-and-white photographs and diagrams are scattered throughout. Sidebars present interesting, related topics, facts, and personalities. Terminology is defined in the margins and volume glossaries. An accessible, up-to-date resource.