This book is a compilation and distillation of my notes, as participant and later as instructor, from the Math Olympiad Program (MOP), the annual summer program to prepare U.S. high school students for the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). As such, it has an overt and a covert mission. The overt mission is to assist students in preparing for the USA Mathematical Olympiad (USAMO) and the IMO, as American students have historically fared poorly on problems in Euclidean geometry. The covert, and perhaps more important, mission is to introduce said students (and anyone else who happens to read this) to a lineage of mathematics stretching from ancient times to the present; hence the inclusion of advanced topics in inversive and projective geometry which may segue into the study of complex analysis, algebraic geometry, or the like.